read more provide the required levels of lysine (the first limiting amino acid) and sufficient amounts of the other essential amino acids in diets consisting of corn and soybean meal. The National Research Council (NRC), in its publication. read more and Reproductive Measures and Dietary Nutrient Requirements of Gestating and Lactating Sowsa,b Reproductive Measures and Dietary Nutrient Requirements of Gestating and Lactating Sowsa,b Pigs require a number of essential nutrients to meet their needs for maintenance, growth, reproduction, lactation, and other functions. The percentages of crude protein listed in Dietary Nutrient Requirements of Growing Pigs Allowed Ad Lib Feed (90% dry matter) a,b,c Dietary Nutrient Requirements of Growing Pigs Allowed Ad Lib Feed (90% dry matter) a,b,c Pigs require a number of essential nutrients to meet their needs for maintenance, growth, reproduction, lactation, and other functions. Cystine and tyrosine can meet a portion of the requirement for methionine and phenylalanine, respectively. The 10 dietary essential amino acids for swine are arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
Of the 22 amino acids, 12 are synthesized by the animal the other 10 must be provided in the diet for normal growth. Protein and Amino Acids:Īmino acids, normally supplied by dietary protein, are required for maintenance, muscle growth, development of fetuses and supporting tissues in gestating sows, and milk production in lactating sows. If the diet contains excessive amounts of fiber (>5%–7%) without commensurate increases in fat, the rate-and especially the efficiency-of gain are decreased. Pigs fed such a diet generally will gain faster, and efficiency of gain will improve, but carcass fat may increase. If the energy density of the diet is increased by including supplemental fat, voluntary feed consumption decreases. The amount of feed consumed by growing pigs allowed to consume feed ad lib is controlled principally by the energy content of the diet. Energy requirements of pigs are influenced by their weight (which influences the maintenance requirement), their genetic capacity for lean tissue growth or milk production, and the environmental temperature at which they are housed. The NRC determines energy requirements on the basis of NE, and then DE and ME are estimated from NE. DE and ME values are used most commonly, but there is a trend in the industry to formulate diets on the basis of NE. The dietary concentrations listed in the NRC tables are based on a given amount of feed intake if intake is less than the amount listed, the dietary concentration may need to be increased to ensure an adequate daily intake of the nutrients.Įnergy requirements are expressed as kilocalories (kcal) of digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), or net energy (NE). Requirements for gestating and lactating sows, expressed as dietary concentrations, are shown in Reproductive Measures and Dietary Nutrient Requirements of Gestating and Lactating Sowsa,b Reproductive Measures and Dietary Nutrient Requirements of Gestating and Lactating Sowsa,b Pigs require a number of essential nutrients to meet their needs for maintenance, growth, reproduction, lactation, and other functions. The NRC estimates of nutrient requirements for various body weight groups of pigs from 5–135 kg body wt, expressed as dietary concentrations, are shown in Dietary Nutrient Requirements of Growing Pigs Allowed Ad Lib Feed (90% dry matter) a,b,c Dietary Nutrient Requirements of Growing Pigs Allowed Ad Lib Feed (90% dry matter) a,b,c Pigs require a number of essential nutrients to meet their needs for maintenance, growth, reproduction, lactation, and other functions.